VCE Health & Human Development sample questions

Question 1

Which of the following is an indicator of health status rather than a determinant of health?

Accepted Answer

B. Under-five mortality rate

Question 2

Explain how Medicare promotes health and wellbeing in Australia, referring to two of its features.

Accepted Answer

Medicare provides free treatment as a public patient in a public hospital, which removes cost as a barrier to essential care. People who could not otherwise afford treatment receive it, reducing morbidity and premature mortality, and promoting physical health and wellbeing.

Medicare also subsidises consultations with general practitioners through the schedule fee, with bulk billing meaning no out-of-pocket cost for many patients. This encourages early presentation, so conditions are diagnosed and managed before they become severe, reducing the burden of disease.

Question 3

Explain one reason why life expectancy is lower in low-income countries than in high-income countries.

Accepted Answer

Low-income countries typically have limited access to safe water and adequate sanitation. Contaminated water spreads infectious diseases such as cholera and diarrhoeal illness, which are a leading cause of death among children under five. High rates of child mortality reduce average life expectancy substantially, because deaths early in life remove the greatest number of years from the average.

Question 4

Distinguish between emergency aid and bilateral aid, and give one example of when each would be appropriate.

Accepted Answer

Emergency aid, also called humanitarian aid, is rapid assistance provided in response to a sudden crisis, meeting immediate needs such as food, water, shelter and medical care. It would be appropriate immediately after an earthquake destroys housing and water infrastructure.

Bilateral aid is assistance given by the government of one country directly to the government of another, usually as part of a long-term development program aligned with agreed objectives. It would be appropriate for funding the construction of a health clinic network over several years to improve maternal health.

VCE Health and Human Development practice exams and worked solutions

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